Hello IC Friends. I just took the Educational Psychology test and passed with a 63. I was scared witless too. I studied the college network module, went over the IC flashcards, took the peterson mock exams, read the explanations of the answers. I also took an earlier suggestion from someone to look over the material and do the practice test from the
Slavin: Educational Psychology site. I have to say that this site & peterson help me tremendously in getting the information in my head. Oh yeah, check out Wikipedia too.
Here's a little breakdown for you. Some things will overlap:
Know the following definitions
Schemas, shaping, extinction, scaffolding, elaboration, reinforcement, centration, conservation, assimilation, accommodation, Premack Principle, metacognition, advanced organizers, Zone of Proximal Development, Pygmalion effect, wait time, IDEA (individuals with disabilities act), convergent & divergent thinking.
Statistical definitions: mean (central tendency) also called the average, mode (score that occurs most often), median (arithmetic middle score in a group of scores), range (subtracting the lowest score from the highest), standard deviation, standard score or z-score. Percentage score vs percentile scores.
Development: Know what happens at each stage good vs bad
Piaget: schemas - desire to make sense of our world. 1) sensory motor, object permanence 2) preoperative stage, centration egocentric can't perceive from another's viewpt. 3) concrete operations, begins to think logically understands conservation principle. 4) Formal operational, abstract reasoning, ability to deduce, potential moral reasoning.
Erikson: I'll give you the first couple
Know the age issue resolution lack of resolution of his stages
Infant 0-18 months trust vs safety insecurity anxiety
mistrust
Toddler 18 mo - 3yr autonomy vs self-control helplessness
self-doubt lack of self-control
Preschool
School-age etc.
Go over Freud, though I don't remember specific questions about his stages.
Moral Development: Although Piaget did some studies in this direction, the following are the names & their ideas to know:
Kohlberg: 1) preconventional, 2) conventional, 3) post conventional.
Carol Gilligan: modeled from caring. Men's morality vs Women's.
Conditioning
Classical Conditioning Neural response
Pavlov: Unconditioned response to Unconditioned stimulus, conditioned response to conditioned stimulus.
Operant Conditioning: Specific behavior illicit a specific outcome through reinforcement (increase in the behavior) whether positive, negative or punishment.
BF Skinner experimental analysis of behavior.
Thorndike (law & effect) know what it means & how it works.
Theories of Intelligence
Spearman proposed "g" general intelligence this formed the basis of IQ
Thurstone - multiple factor model of intelligence.
Gardner - multiple intelligences within the brain, their are seven. A person can have one or several and not others.
Sternberg Triarc model of intelligence.
Guilford - convergent & divergent (creative use this one)
Others to know:
Vygotsky social cultural theories. Zone of Proximal Development what it means & how it is used in education today. Scaffolding teaching through guided experiences.
Testing
IQ, aptitude (tests ability to learn new skills i.e. SAT, ACT). achievement (tests academic achievement)
Teaching
pedagogy -
instructor centered learningstudent centered learning know cooperative learning, reciprocal teaching, inquiry method, discovery learning,
Blooms Taxonomies know them, and the hierarchy.
formative & diagnostic assessments
Pygmalion effect
testing bias
expert learners know what they do & how they learn
Research
Selection of research sample
Experimental research independent variable & dependent variable
Descriptive research
Cross validation and meta analysis
Motivation
Intrinsic vs extrinsic
locus of control
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Attribution theory
performance goals, learning goals
efficacy
social learning / modeling
Information Processing: encoding, storage, retrieval
Types of memories
long term - sematic, rote rehearsal, elaborative rehearsal, episodic memory, procedural, flashbulb
short term 5 - 9 pieces of info
sensory few seconds - visual (iconic) auditory (echoic), sensory register
Retrieval, i.e. chunking
Proactive interference
Retroactive interference
deductive and inductive reasoning
critical thinking
Okay, there's more but I'm all out of memory. Chat with you later.